坐标反算计算公式：从原理推导到工程实战的深度解析

import math
class CoordinateCalculator:
    def __init__(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
        self.x1 = x1
        self.y1 = y1
        self.x2 = x2
        self.y2 = y2
        self.dx = x2 - x1
        self.dy = y2 - y1
    def calculate_distance(self):
        """计算两点间水平距离"""
        return math.sqrt(self.dx2 + self.dy2)
    def calculate_azimuth(self):
        """计算方位角 (0-360 度)"""
        # math.atan2(y, x) 返回弧度
        angle_rad = math.atan2(self.dy, self.dx)
        angle_deg = math.degrees(angle_rad)
        # 转换为 0-360 度
        if angle_deg < 0:
            angle_deg += 360
        return angle_deg
    def format_angle_dms(self, angle):
        """将十进制度数转换为度分秒"""
        d = int(angle)
        m = int((angle - d)  60)
        s = ((angle - d)  60 - m)  60
        return f"{d}°{m}'{s:.2f}\""
使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    calc = CoordinateCalculator(1000.0, 2000.0, 1050.0, 2080.0)
    dist = calc.calculate_distance()
    az = calc.calculate_azimuth()
    print(f"距离：{dist:.3f} m")
    print(f"方位角：{az:.4f}° ({calc.format_angle_dms(az)})")

public static double CalculateAzimuth(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2)
{
    double dx = x2 - x1;
    double dy = y2 - y1;
    // Math.Atan2 返回的是弧度，范围 [-PI, PI]
    double rad = Math.Atan2(dy, dx);
    double deg = rad  (180.0 / Math.PI);
    // 调整为 0-360
    if (deg < 0)
    {
        deg += 360.0;
    }
    return deg;
}